A roadmap towards intelligent net zero- and positive-energy buildings

Buildings nowadays are increasingly expected to meet higher and more complex performance requirements: they should be sustainable; use zero-net energy; foster a healthy and comfortable environment for the occupants; be grid-friendly, yet economical to build and maintain. The essential ingredients for the successful development and operation of net zero- and positive-energy buildings (NZEB/PEB) are: thermal simulation models, that are accurate representations of the building and its subsystems; sensors, actuators, and user interfaces to facilitate communication between the physical and simulation layers; and finally, integrated control and optimization tools of sufficient generality that using the sensor inputs and the thermal models can take intelligent decisions, in almost real-time, regarding the operation of the building and its subsystems. To this end the aim of the present paper is to present a review on the technological developments in each of the essential ingredients that may support the future integration of successful NZEB/PEB, i.e. accurate simulation models, sensors and actuators and last but not least the building optimization and control. The integration of the user is an integral part in the dynamic behavior of the system, and this role has to be taken into account. Future prospects and research trends are discussed.     

一种新的轴承系统的故障检测方法

提出采用ＢＬＩＮＤ自适应数学均衡算法和轴承故障进行检测，根据故障源脉冲激励信号的强度参数和轴承系统函数来检测轴承系统的工作状态，并给出了模拟实验结果。     

BIAS CALCULATIONS FOR ADAPTIVE URN DESIGNS

A clinical trial model is considered in which two treatments with immediate binary responses are to be compared. An adaptive urn design is used to assign patients to the treatments. The bias and variance of the maximum likelihood estimators of the probabilities of success are derived by differentiating the fundamental identity of sequential analysis. By embedding the design in a continuous-time process, probability generating functions are then calculated to obtain approximations for the bias and variance. Simulation is used to assess the accuracy of the approximations. It is shown that the bias cannot be ignored, and that the adaptive rules which are subcritical in nature have the most mathematically tractable bias and are the least variable. Methods for correcting for the bias are also addressed.     

Study of Optimal Adaptive Rule in Testing Composite Hypothesis

Abstract

In this article on sequential adaptive testing, we have studied the optimal allocation between two populations for testing a composite hypothesis involving the parameters, with the goal of decreasing allocation of one of the treatments to the order of the logarithm of the sample size while decreasing the probability of incorrect selection to zero. We have proved the result for large sample sizes both mathematically and by simulation studies.     

Data-Based Optimal Tracking of Autonomous Nonlinear Switching Systems

In this paper, a data-based scheme is proposed to solve the optimal tracking problem of autonomous nonlinear switching systems. The system state is forced to track the reference signal by minimizing the performance function. First, the problem is transformed to solve the corresponding Bellman optimality equation in terms of the Q-function (also named as action value function). Then, an iterative algorithm based on adaptive dynamic programming (ADP) is developed to find the optimal solution which is totally based on sampled data. The linear-in-parameter (LIP) neural network is taken as the value function approximator. Considering the presence of approximation error at each iteration step, the generated approximated value function sequence is proved to be boundedness around the exact optimal solution under some verifiable assumptions. Moreover, the effect that the learning process will be terminated after a finite number of iterations is investigated in this paper. A sufficient condition for asymptotically stability of the tracking error is derived. Finally, the effectiveness of the algorithm is demonstrated with three simulation examples.      

Plasma diagnostics at Aditya Tokamak by two views visible light tomography

This visible light computerized tomography exercise is a part of a project to establish an auxiliary imaging method to assist other imaging facilities at the Institute of Plasma Research (IPR), India. Space constraints around Aditya Tokamak allow only two orthogonal ports. Each port has one detector array (64 sensors) sensitive to the visual spectrum emitted by H_α emission. The objective here is to report the developments on limited view tomography for hot plasma imaging. Spatially filtered entropy maximization algorithm with non-uniform discretization grids is employed. Estimation of unique kernel smoothening parameters (mask size and exponent factor) depends on entropy function and projection data. It removes requirement of any arbitrary/user-based decision for choosing a regularization factor thus minimizes the chance for biasedness or errors. Synthetic projection data is used to analyse the performance of this modification. The error band in the process of recovery remains under acceptable level (less than 15%) irrespective of the origin of the emissions from the core. Reconstructed hot plasma images/profiles from Aditya Tokamak are shown. These profiles may improve the current understanding about (a) plasma–wall interaction or edge plasma turbulence, (b) control and generation of plasma and (c) correlations between theoretical and engineering advancements in Tokamak reactors.     

Integrating load balancing and locality in the parallelization of irregular problems

An irregular problem models the evolution of a system where several elements are irregularly distributed in a domain. The evolution modifies this distribution in a way that cannot be foreseen and the behavior of each element depends upon the elements close to it according to a problem dependent relation. Starting from a hierarchical representation of the domain, we define a parallelization methodology that includes a load balancing strategy that preserves this locality property and a strategy to collect information distributed onto the processing nodes.     

工程农机冲压件多品种小批量生产时的矛盾与对策

分析了工程农机冲压件多品种小批量生产时的矛盾 ,提出了解决矛盾的对策及其实现的具体途径。     

脱散的轨迹 对当代中国建筑师思考与实践发展脉络的另一种描述

文章尝试从部分20世纪50至70年代生当代中国建筑师实践策略和思考关注点的转变中寻觅线索轨迹。分析他们受到现代性话语体系的影响,同时检视他们在中国城市发展现状这一特定语境下的身份定义,进而尝试对当代中国建筑师思考与实践发展脉络进行描述。这一描述不从作品的结果出发作总结性的判断,而通过抽取不同建筑师的策略关注点和关键话语,进一步对贯穿不同时间段、没有因果关系的多重线索进行重新梳理和联结,对还原一个未曾明确的当代中国建筑话语体系给出研究建议。这一新的话语体系或许可以提供一种不同于西方现代性的"脱散的轨迹",从而见证多条线索在当代中国的某种不期而至的交汇或离散。     

利用案例驱动促进计算机课堂教学优化的策略

案例驱动教学模式是一种非常适合高校计算机课堂的教学方式。详细阐述计算机课堂案例教学的策略，包括案例的选取、案例教学的进行、学习方式及评价等。对高校计算机课堂教学的改革具有现实的指导意义。